Warfare in the Classical World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons... Men of Bronze: Hoplite Warfare in Ancient Greece. Describe Athenian military training: Which military training was better and why? Young Athenian boys were tutored at home until the age of six or seven, and then they were sent to neighborhood schools for primary education until they were 14 years of age. It is the job of the officer core of Hoplites - Thorakites Understands the rules and regulations of the Athenian military. By. It was largely similar to other armies of the region – see Ancient Greek warfare. It was largely similar to other armies of the region. Offensive strategies using battering rams and ramps proved largely unsuccessful. They could even block enemy harbours and launch amphibious landings. Strategies and deception, the ‘thieves of war’ (klemmata), as the Greeks called them, were employed by the more able and daring commanders. Related Content Whilst there were long periods of peace and many examples of friendly alliances, the powerful motives of territorial expansion, war booty, revenge, honour, and the defence of liberty ensured that throughout the Archaic and Classical periods the Greeks were regularly engaged in warfare both at home and abroad. Greek warfare, then, evolved from small bands of local communities fighting for local territory into massive set-piece battles between multi-allied counterparts. 4. They were allowed to learn in the privacy of their own homes, but as a result, most Athenian women had primarily domestic educations. This type of warfare was the perfect opportunity for the Greek warrior to display his manliness (andreia) and excellence (aretē) and generals led from the front and by example. Athens government didn't have a high value on their military like Sparta did because Athenian boys only started training at the age of eighteen and training only lasted for two years. The lochoi was the basic unit of the phalanx - a line of well-armed and well-armoured hoplite soldiers usually eight to twelve men deep which attacked as a tight group. According to Gonz’alez (2014: 14) Boys born of the Spartan class began training as a soldier at age 7 and girls were trained to bear and raise strong children. Athenian society was a patriarchy; men held all rights and advantages, such as access to education and power. In English, when you are talking about someone personality, there are some great adjectives that you can use to do this. When boys turned 18 in Athens they were required to go to military school and learn how to fight in battle. which education system was better? Key to their success was the standardisation of equipment and training, which included a short list of terse commands that every soldier understood completely. Training for the military began at age 7, as all Spartan boys left home to go to military … More mobile and multi-weapon warfare now became the norm. Naturally, defenders responded to these new weapons with thicker and stronger walls with convex surfaces to better deflect missiles. The hoplites were the main decisive force in each and every battle that took place from the archaic period (~700 BC) to hellenistic period (~250 BC) between greek participants. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Athenian society was a patriarchy; men held all rights and advantages, such as access to education and power. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. Towards the end of the Classical Period, armies could be resupplied by ship and larger equipment could be transported using wagons and mules which came under the responsibility of men too old to fight. Decisive and devastating cavalry offensives would have to wait until the Macedonians led by Philip and Alexander in the mid-4th century BCE. Start studying History Unit 3. Completion of Recruitment/Training. Even if they were married they had to live in military schools until they were 30. The Athenian democracy of Greece was the first established democracy that lasted for around 186 years. Both Athens and Sparta hold historic value for Greece and the world. However, from the 4th century BCE technical innovations gave the attackers more advantages. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Warfare/. For a few hundred years, Sparta’s military made it a powerhouse. In the words "monarchy" and "oligarchy", the second element archemeans rule, leading, or being first. Athens military training: in Athens boys were sent to school to learn reading, writing, math, and other things from the age of 6 to 17. (3), During primary school, younger boys learned calisthenics and often were taught how to play ball games, while older boys were taught more military-type activities, such as running, boxing, and wrestling. The primary goal of Spartan education was to produce good soldiers. These schools were usually private schools, but tuition costs were low enough that even most poor Athenians could afford to send their boys to school for at least a few years. In Athens military training was only 2 years long. How does Pericles describe Athenian military training? At age 18, regardless of social status, all Athenian boys were required to attend military school for two years, after which they were free to live out their lives as they saw fit. The Athenian men became the citizens after two years of military training. Once boys turned 20 they graduated military school. Four of these made up a lochos (regiment) of 512 men. Assembly of the People. After the youth has completed and passed the tryout. These sites became veritable treasuries and, effectively, museums of weapons and armour. However, this gentlemanly approach in time gave way to more subtle battle arrangements where surprise and strategy came to the fore. With their professional and well-trained full-time army dressed in red cloaks and carrying shields emblazoned with the letter lambda (for Lacedaemonians), the Spartans showed what professionalism in warfare could achieve. Ancient History Encyclopedia. By the time the young Athenian males turned 18, they would give their oath to the Gods of the City, and join the city's army for a two full years of basic training. Cite This Work Cavalry (hippeis) was also deployed but due to the high costs and difficult terrain of Greece, only in limited numbers e.g., Athens, possessing the largest cavalry force during the Peloponnesian Wars had only 1,000 mounted troops. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. Learning from the earlier Greek strategies and weapons innovations, they employed better hand weapons such as the long sarissa spear, used better artillery, successfully marshalled diverse troop units with different arms, fully exploited cavalry, and backed all this up with far superior logistics to dominate the battlefield not only in Greece but across vast swathes of Asia and set the pattern for warfare through Hellenistic and into Roman times. It is a center for economic, political, financial and culture life in Greece. The military of ancient Athens was composed by its own citizens. 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